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Using Socratic AI to Support Research Question Development Among Pre-Service Biology Teachers Survey Period:
Jun 30, 2025 - Jul 22, 2025Survey Data Type:
Quantitative DataData available in:
GermanDOI:
10.21249/DZHW:sokrateski:1.0.0Published at:
Sep 8, 2026Version:
Access Way:
SUF: Remote-DesktopGo to shopping cart In case you have problems with the ordering process, please contact userservice@dzhw.eu.
Using Socratic AI to Support Research Question Development Among Pre-Service Biology Teachers
Tags:
Biology teacher education, Multilevel modelling, Educational technology, Human–AI interaction, Repeated-measures data, Artificial intelligence in education, Socratic tutoring, Reflective thinking, Dialogic scaffolding, Large language models, Higher education, Critical thinking, Research question development, AI-mediated instructional guidance, Pre-service teachersDetails
Institution(s):
Sponsored by:
- No funding
Project Contributors:
Survey Design:
Survey Data Type:
Data available in:
Data Curation:
; DOI:
Version:
Allowed use cases:
- scientific use
Special restrictions for the data use:
-
Data Package Description
Data package description
This data package contains the anonymised study data and analysis-ready files from a feasibility study investigating AI-mediated instructional guidance for the development of research questions among pre-service biology teachers.
The study compared two experimental conditions:
Socratic Tutor, in which the AI system was instructed to support students through structured Socratic questioning and dialogic guidance; and
Non-socratic Tutor, in which students interacted with an AI chatbot without the corresponding pedagogical instruction.
The dataset comprises 123 session-level observations from 65 unique participants. Because some participants took part in more than one study session, participant identifiers occur repeatedly across rows. The variable PersonID identifies individual participants and should therefore be used when accounting for the repeated-measures structure of the data.
The final sample consists of:
36 participants in the Socratic Tutor condition
29 participants in the Non-socratic Tutor condition
65 participants in total
The dataset includes, among other variables:
- experimental condition
- participant identifier
- study group and session information
- demographic information, including age, gender, and number of university semesters
- variables relating to the research-question-development tasks
- participant responses and evaluation measures collected during the study
Documents related to this Data Package
Data Package
| Title | Description | Document Language | DOI | File |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AI-mediated instructional guidance: Mixed-method quasi-experimental study on Socratic AI for supporting research question development | Presentation on the methodological approach and findings of the Skokrates AI study | English |
|
AI_mediated_guidance_graphical_abstract_1328_531.pdf |
| Release Notes | The release notes contain information about the current version and changes compared to previous versions. | English |
|
sokrateski_ReleaseNotes.md |
Surveys
Instruments
| Type | Description | Document Language | DOI | File |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Questionnaire | Instrument of "Using Socratic AI to Support Research Question Development Among Pre-Service Biology Teachers", survey 1 | German |
|
Fragebogen_Socrates_AI_Survey_Printed.pdf |
Data Sets
| Title | Description | Document Language | DOI | File |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable Names Identifiers | The document contains variable labels for the variables included in the dataset | German |
|
Variable_names_identifiers.xlsx |